Location
Desa Mas is belong to the administrative area of Kecamatan Sukawati, Kabupaten
Gianyar, 20 km away from Denpasar city, 30 km from Kuta and 45 km from Nusa Dua
area. The status of Mas is at the level of " Desa " which means a unit
of settlement authonomous in organization traditionally relating to the religious,
social, and many aspects of traditional life. Normally a Desa is consist of many
smaller unit of settlement which has it's own traditional organization called
" Banjar ". Yet a Desa is not nacessarily consist of many Banjar organizations,
yet the most important requirements to be considered to be a level of Desa is
ownership of at least 3 temples, cemetry and a meeting hall. In a very simplified
way the Banjar can be translated into a village. That is the existence of Desa
Mas which is by chance this level of settlement unit consist of many Banjars.
By location Mas is only 2 km away from Ubud town, and even today there is no clear
border between them. When one drives to Ubud via the older road which passing
Sukawati will meet Mas first before Ubud. Yet today with many roads accessing
Ubud, one can reach Ubud from west sides do not passing Mas, and Mas is located
on the south-east.
Interest of Desa Mas
Today we know Desa Mas, starting from the junction of the road from Denpasar,
Mas and Gianyar is a complex of artist studio at the left and right sides of the
main road leading to Ubud. Big exhibitions of wooden carving arts in each of the
gallery house with artist working at the outside. Famous wood carving gallery
such as Adhi Art Shop, Agung Raka Art Shop, Puri Mas Art Shop, and many others
with beautiful building desiged in Balinese architecture and decoration. At the
early stage of wood carving creation in Bali actually was not only Desa Mas, but
more importat is Banjar Sumampan, located around 3 km away from Mas. Banjar Sumampan
has been well known for it's original Balinese black wood carving or ebony wood
carving. It is belived that in more bigger scale of carving work was first born
in Sumampan, but like the market, then Mas was the etalase of the art work. Until
late 1970s most of wood carving produced in Bali was still in the theme of superhuman
figures, such as sculpture of god and goddesses, demons, and the figures mentioned
on the epic of Mahabharata and Ramayana. With the fast and strong development
of torism in Bali, the traditional creation of wood carving also undergone great
changes, where temporary design or new creative design appear every times. This
new creation or design first brought by the visitors from various countries to
be produced in wood. This new influx of designs also encouraged the creativity
of local artist to create various new design. The maestros of wood carving of
Bali born such as I Gusti Nyoman Lempad, Tjokot, Nyana, and others. The lively
era of Bali wood carving marked this development bearing an era of acculturation
between various nations. All this has been always the meet of spirit of art with
the business oriented production. Business orientation has really nurtured the
growth of wood carving, yet changes the true unique spirit of art of Balinese.
This is because the new tendencies of mass production ignored the meticulous aspect
of a wood carving made in Bali. Even the new trend of wood carving shifted from
detail strokes into simple yet consistent format that is needed in mass production
when a given name should refer exactly the same entity. To see until 1998, wood
carving in it's most flourishing voloume and diversity of production had given
a new promising works to Balinese people. The administrative area of Gianyar was
the most advantagous area of Bali as the center of wood carving production, and
not only Desa Mas known as the center of the production, but extended to many
Banjars or Desas, such as Desa Kemenuh, which is neigboring with Mas, Nyuh Kuning
also close to Mas, Banjar Tengkulak, Desa Bitra, and many production centers can
be recorded. As unit production can be found in all areas of south Bali. It seemed
that working in wood carving production envisioned as promising future at that
time. Countries that bought Bali wood carving during the era was United State
of America, Dutch, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Spain, Italy and France. Smaller
number worth noted is Australia, Japan, Austria, and England.
Influence of Flourishing Bali Wood Carving
The birth of big exhibitions building in Mas, Kemenuh and Batubulan for Bali wood
carving in fact had encouraged various traditional wood carving related decoration
to grow. From Java the production of Wayang Golek, known as marionnette shipped
to Bali in a great numbers including leather puppet from Yogyakarta, moulding
decoration and household effects from East Java, various gift creation from metal
candle holders to ash tray or wood and clay or ceramic streaming to Mas, the Asmat
traditional art, Lombok pottery, Japara furniture, and many others. Bali had become
an exhibition stage for other Indonesian traditional wood carving or wooden decorative
products, regardless of various weaving craft from Kalimantan, East Java and Lombok
which are used as filler in the containers for shipping the wood carving and furniture.
It worth mentioning that the import of bamboo from Java and South Sulawesi to
meet the demand of wooden furniture which was growing very fast with its center
is Desa Belega was uncountable volume. The development of wood carving in Mas
has given great number of job not only for Balinese but Javanese and Lombok at
the main area and others in smaller scale.
Type of Wood Carving Produced
As mentioned above at the beginning was only figures related to god and goddesses,
or animal as mount of god or goddesses. Later with the coming of international
travelers various designs were produced in wood including various animals very
unfamiliar for Balinese such as Hyenas, Coyotes, Kangoroos, Armidallas, Mexican
faces or masks, various shaped of frogs, and others. Local creative arts such
as flowers, banana, palms, motor bikes, and anything that can be reproduced in
wood. While from Java were wayang golek, small and medium size moulding souvernirs,
bowls, vases, ash trays, hangers, finger rings, bracelets, ceramics, and various
animals as requested by handicraft exportes from Bali.
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